This paper presents an overview of Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) methods. They may be used to evaluate the risks of a specific route and to compare several routes for transportation of dangerous goods. QRA methods are based on two indicators: the individual risk and the societal risk. These indicators consider different parameters, which are also detailed.
This HOF engineering guide has the objective of proposing to industrial safety agents who are non-specialists of HOF reference points for a structured approach in the field of HOF in high-risk industry. Specifically, it indicates precisely what is understood by an HOF approach, lists the most common HOF approaches with simple mapping of them, and provides descriptive sheets.
In addition, the guide presents a matrix to analyse the capabilities of HOF engineering: first, to make an evaluation, second, to structure an action plan of HOF engineering.
This first version of the HOF engineering guide will be complemented (particularly the descriptive worksheets) and updated from use and associated feedback.
This document was prepared in the frame of a support program for the french Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy (MEDDE). It is dedicated to underground storage fields regulated by the Article L211-2 of the French Mining Code, namely underground storages of “natural gas, liquid, liquefied or gaseous hydrocarbons, or industrial chemicals products."
It aims to be a guide summarizing the methodological rules for the development of safety studies, risk assessment and land use planning associated with such storages. Its scope is intentionally restricted to the specific facilities of underground storages, namely the reservoir, the well, the ground/surface interface and the underground pipes. The other surface facilities, located in particular on the central station are not addressed.
This guide is intended for operators and instructors of safety studies and presents generic rules. It cannot replace the specific risk assessment to be carried out in the particular context of a specific site
The scope of this document is to describe a method inspired from the guide "Omega 10 - Method for evaluating technical safety barriers (French) applied to human safety barriers and evaluate their performance. Both approaches thus present some similarities. Usng both of them allows to evaluate the whole architecture dedicated to safety of industrial plants. The report is the second version of the document and was based on the first Ω20 report dated December 2006.
Today, technical-economic studies are sometimes conducted to decide whether a measure should be implemented or not. However, it remains difficult to interpret the results in order to make an informed decision. The method proposed by INERIS seeks to address this difficulty in this guide. It is a decision-making support tool. The guideline document is intended for operators of industrial sites and for inspectors of classified installations, to whom it offers a structured approach to justify the risk reduction. It thus guides the decision on whether to implement an additional risk reduction measure or not.
"Desert Tortoise" : une campagne expérimentale de dispersion atmosphérique d'Ammoniac
Auteurs : LLNL ( Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory)
Source : REDIPHEM - Base de données d'essais de dispersion de gaz denses
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Référence : Goldwire et al.(1985) Goldwire, H. C., T. G. McRae, G. W. Johnson, D. L. Hipple, R. P. Koopman, J. W. McClure, L. K. Morris, and R. T. Cederwall, 1985: Desert Tortoise series data report—1983 pressurized ammonia spills. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Description : La campagne Desert Tortoise, réalisée par le Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) a consisté en quatre essais à grande échelle (entre 15 et 60 m3) de rejet d'ammoniac liquéfié sous pression. La campagne s'est déroulée en été sur le site de Frenchman Flat au Nevada.